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Background and Objectives: The use of medicinal plants and different herbs in the treatment of different ailments by the populace including pregnant women may have some teratogenic effects on the fetuses. Costus afer is a medicina...
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Background and Objectives: The use of medicinal plants and different herbs in the treatment of different ailments by the populace including pregnant women may have some teratogenic effects on the fetuses. Costus afer is a medicinal plant used in tropical Africa in treating inflammation, rheumatism, arthritis, hepatic disorders, miscarriages, epileptic attack and hemorrhoids. This study is aimed at evaluating Costus afer on fetal morphology and cerebral cortex of albino rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four female rats weighing between 150 and 180 g divided into 4 groups; Group A (Control), Group B (Low dose), C (Medium dose) and D (High dose) were used. The female rats were mated with mature male rats for pregnancy. Groups B, C and D animals received orally 250, 500 and 1000 mg kg~(?)~(1) b.wt., of ethanolic leaf extracts of Costus afer , respectively on days 7-12 of gestation. On day 19 of gestation, the rats were sacrificed and fetuses examined. Results: Results showed no observable malformation on the external structures of the fetuses. Reduction in the weight, crown-rump length and tail length of the fetuses in treated group B, C and D, when compared to the control group was not significant (p>0.05). Results from the histological examination by using Haematoxylin and Eosin staining technique showed no evidence of alteration of the cerebral cortex of the treated groups when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Ethanolic leaf extract of Costus afer appears to be safe for use during pregnancy with probably no toxic effects on the morphology and histology of the cerebral cortex of fetuses of albino Wistar rat.
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Parner taluka is rich in medicinal and economically important plants. Various plants are used by the tribal and rural folk as to cure diseases. During this recent exploration on about 15 plants were recorded. These plants were stu...
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Parner taluka is rich in medicinal and economically important plants. Various plants are used by the tribal and rural folk as to cure diseases. During this recent exploration on about 15 plants were recorded. These plants were studied from ethnobotanical point of view.
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Present paper deals with 74 species of food plants of medicinal value out of hundreds found in the beautiful valleys and hills of Manipur lying in the extreme North-Eastern region of the country. Demand for medicinal plants, their...
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Present paper deals with 74 species of food plants of medicinal value out of hundreds found in the beautiful valleys and hills of Manipur lying in the extreme North-Eastern region of the country. Demand for medicinal plants, their products and traditional health systems has been increasing since last several years throughout the world. According to one estimate, out of 5,00,000 angiospermic plants, approximately 10,000 plants are regularly used for medicinal purposes in one or the other form. India accounts for approximately 45,000 plant species out of which more than 8,000 species are regularly used in some 10,000 herbal drug formulations.
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Southeast Asian countries are in tropical zone and have many characteristic plant resources for new drug discovery. However, the scientific study of these resources has not been extensive due to political, ecomonical, and religiou...
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Southeast Asian countries are in tropical zone and have many characteristic plant resources for new drug discovery. However, the scientific study of these resources has not been extensive due to political, ecomonical, and religious factors. Recently, we have been studying medicinal plants in southeast Asia for their biologically active constituents. In this review, our recent work on the biologically active constituents in medicinal plants from Indonesia, Vietnam, and Myanmar is summarized.
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Almost every city and town in South Africa has some form of trade in medicinal plants for medicinal or cultural purposes, most often through informal street markets or small shops known as Amayeza stores (Amayeza is the Xhosa word...
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Almost every city and town in South Africa has some form of trade in medicinal plants for medicinal or cultural purposes, most often through informal street markets or small shops known as Amayeza stores (Amayeza is the Xhosa word for medicine) or Muthi shops. A reeent survey of the trade of medicinal plants in the six largest urban centers of the Eastern Cape (Fig. 1) has revealed some startling results (Cocks & Dold, 2000). No less than 166 plant species are regularly harvested from wild populations and sold for medicinal and cultural purposes. The highest quantity recorded for a single species is 3,635 kg per annum for Ilex mitis (L.) Radlk., a forest tree that has its bark removed for medicinal purposes. The highest value recorded was (in U.S. dollars) dollar 8.71 per kilogram for Behnia retieulata (Thunb.) Didr., a forest climber. It is estimated that 484 tons of wild-harvested plant material is traded in the six city centers in the Eastern Cape alone every year, generating an income of 2.43 million dollar per annum. As lucrative as this may sound, it is shared amongst so many traders that the average monthly income is between 819.20 and 64.10 dollar.
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Microbial resistance, a world health-hazard, is dramatically increasing. Evaluation of natural products to access new, safe and effective principles to rotate or substitute with the invalidated ones is one of the scientific strate...
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Microbial resistance, a world health-hazard, is dramatically increasing. Evaluation of natural products to access new, safe and effective principles to rotate or substitute with the invalidated ones is one of the scientific strategies to combat drug-resistant pathogens. With this perspective, methanolic extracts of fifty plant species of 33 families which had documented uses in Iranian Traditional Medicine, were screened for antibacterial activity against five strains of each of gram negative (G-) and gram positive (G+) bacteria. Thirty samples from 28 species in 21 families had antibacterial activity at least against one of the bacterial strains Bioactivities were evaluated by measuring Diameter of inhibition zones in Agar well diffusion assays Among the active plants, 32.6% were active against G-, 62% against G+ and 47.3% against both G- and G+ bacteria Dianthus coryophyllus was active against all tested G- and G+ bacteria except Micrococcus luteus. Most susceptible G- bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bordetella bronchiseptica and least susceptible G- bacterium was Escherichia coll. In G+ bacteria, most and least susceptible were Staphylococcus aureus and M. luteus, respectively. The extracts having more traditional usages and fairly broad spectra of activity, were used to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC). The least MIC, as 0.062 mg ml~(-1) belonged to Myrtus communis seeds against S. aureus, Bacillus cereus and B. bronchiseptica and to Terminalia chebula ripe seeds against S. aureus. The bioactive extracts were well stable at room temperature up to 18 months. Concepts including Percent Activity, Bacterial Susceptibility Index, Average Percent of Bacterial Susceptibility and Spectral Intensity Index are proposed as newapproaches for interpretation of the results.
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Phyllanthus amarus [P. niruri], P. debilis, P. fraternus and P. urinaria belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae and are commonly used in the treatment of hepatitis. These species possess characteristic structures in their flowers, te...
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Phyllanthus amarus [P. niruri], P. debilis, P. fraternus and P. urinaria belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae and are commonly used in the treatment of hepatitis. These species possess characteristic structures in their flowers, termed as disk segments. These structures are usually found between the calyx lobes and androecium in male flowers and in between the calyx lobes and gynoecium in female flowers. Close microscopic observation showed that these disk segments are actually nectar glands that actively secrete nectar during flowering which attract minute insects for cross-pollination. In male flowers, these nectaries are separate, variously shaped and equivalent to the number of calyx lobes present in a particular species. In female flowers, these nectaries are variously lobed and united at the base, forming a cushion below the gynoecium..
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Ahmednagar District is the part of Deccan Plateau situated in the western part of Maharashtra. It consists of 13 tehsils. Ahmednagar tehsil consists of a district head quarter at historic town Ahmednagar. In the present investigat...
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Ahmednagar District is the part of Deccan Plateau situated in the western part of Maharashtra. It consists of 13 tehsils. Ahmednagar tehsil consists of a district head quarter at historic town Ahmednagar. In the present investigation medicinal plants found in the tehsil were collected for two consecutive years and are preserved in the medicinal plant herbarium of New Arts, Commerce & Science College Ahmednagar. To explore medicinal plant wealth of the tehsil and to create reference source for students, research workers, farmers and druggist was the main objective. During the survey 196 medicinal plants belonging to 76 different families have been collected and preserved in the herbarium. Local medicinal uses of the plants have been worked out and are recorded in the herbarium. Herbarium is serving as authentic source of herbal treasure for academicians.
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This paper covers the plant and fruit morphology of amol (H. kingii) from the forest reserve of Golaghat, Assam, India. Notes are presented on the medicinal properties of the fruits and nuts of the crop.
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